"I can feel it."įor Carr, the analogy is obvious: The modern mind is like the fictional computer. The book begins with a melodramatic flourish, as Carr recounts the pleas of the supercomputer HAL in "2001: A Space Odyssey." The machine is being dismantled, its wires unplugged: "My mind is going," HAL says. In "The Shallows: What the Internet Is Doing to Our Brains," the technology writer Nicholas Carr extends this anxiety to the 21st century.
Children, it was said, had stopped reading books. And then came radio and television, which poisoned the mind with passive pleasure.
By 1890, the problem was the speed of transmission: one eminent physician blamed "the pelting of telegrams" for triggering an outbreak of mental illness. In the 17th century, Robert Burton complained, in "The Anatomy of Melancholy," of the "vast chaos and confusion of books" that make the eyes and fingers ache. Needless to say, the printing press only made things worse. Instead of remembering for themselves, Socrates warned, new readers were blindly trusting in "external written characters." The library was ruining the mind. In the "Phaedrus," he lamented the invention of books, which "create forgetfulness" in the soul. Socrates started what may have been the first technology scare.
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